Common Core Standards Glossary (K-8)

Know number names and the count sequence

Know number names and the count sequence.

Your child learns to count to 100 by ones and tens, and writes numbers 0-20.

Count to tell the number of objects

Count to tell the number of objects.

Your child counts groups of objects (up to 20) and understands that the last number said tells how many there are total.

Compare numbers

Compare numbers.

Your child looks at two groups and says which has more, fewer, or whether they are equal.

Understand addition as putting together and adding to, and understand subtraction as taking apart and taking from

Understand addition as putting together and adding to, and understand subtraction as taking apart and taking from.

Your child uses objects, drawings, or fingers to add and subtract small numbers (within 10). They start connecting real actions ("3 apples, then 2 more") to math.

Work with numbers 11-19 to gain foundations for place value

Work with numbers 11-19 to gain foundations for place value.

Your child starts understanding that 14 means "one group of ten and four ones" — the very beginning of place value.

Describe and compare measurable attributes

Describe and compare measurable attributes.

Your child compares objects — "this one is longer," "that one is heavier." They use everyday language to describe differences.

Classify objects and count the number of objects in each category

Classify objects and count the number of objects in each category.

Your child sorts objects by color, shape, or size, then counts how many are in each group.

Identify and describe shapes

Identify and describe shapes (squares, circles, triangles, rectangles, hexagons, cubes, cones, cylinders, and spheres).

Your child names basic flat and solid shapes and finds them in the real world — a door is a rectangle, a ball is a sphere.

Analyze, compare, create, and compose shapes

Analyze, compare, create, and compose shapes.

Your child builds shapes, puts simple shapes together to make bigger ones, and draws shapes.

Print Concepts

Demonstrate understanding of the organization and basic features of print.

Your child understands how books work — reading left to right, top to bottom, that words are separated by spaces, and the difference between letters and words.

Phonological Awareness

Demonstrate understanding of spoken words, syllables, and sounds (phonemes).

Your child recognizes rhyming words, counts syllables by clapping, blends sounds into words (/c/-/a/-/t/ = "cat"), and identifies beginning, middle, and ending sounds.

Phonics and Word Recognition

Know and apply grade-level phonics and word analysis skills in decoding words.

Your child knows the most common sound for each consonant, associates long and short sounds with vowels, and reads common high-frequency sight words.

Fluency

Read emergent-reader texts with purpose and understanding.

Your child reads simple texts (like "The cat sat on the mat") and understands what they read — not just decoding, but getting the meaning.

Key Ideas and Details

With prompting and support, ask and answer questions about key details in a text.

With help, your child answers questions about a story — who are the characters, what happened, where did it take place.

Key Ideas and Details

With prompting and support, retell familiar stories, including key details.

Your child retells a story in their own words — hitting the main events in order — after hearing it read aloud.

Text Types and Purposes

Use a combination of drawing, dictating, and writing to compose opinion pieces in which they tell a reader the topic or the name of the book they are writing about and state an opinion or preference about the topic or book.

Your child "writes" opinions using drawings and simple sentences — "My favorite animal is a dog because dogs are fun."

Conventions of Standard English

Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English grammar and usage when writing or speaking.

Your child prints many upper- and lowercase letters, uses frequently occurring nouns and verbs, and forms regular plural nouns (dog/dogs).

Print many upper- and lowercase letters.

Your child can write most of the uppercase and lowercase letters of the alphabet.

Represent and solve problems involving addition and subtraction

Represent and solve problems involving addition and subtraction.

Your child solves word problems using addition and subtraction within 20 — "there were 12 birds, 5 flew away, how many are left?"

Understand and apply properties of operations and the relationship between addition and subtraction

Understand and apply properties of operations and the relationship between addition and subtraction.

Your child discovers that 3+4 is the same as 4+3, and that addition and subtraction are related (if 8+5=13, then 13-5=8).

Add and subtract within 20

Add and subtract within 20.

Your child builds toward fluent addition and subtraction within 20, using strategies like counting on, making ten, and doubles.

Work with addition and subtraction equations

Work with addition and subtraction equations.

Your child understands what the equals sign means and finds the missing number in equations like 8 + ? = 11.

Extend the counting sequence

Extend the counting sequence.

Your child counts to 120, starting from any number, and reads and writes numbers to 120.

Understand place value

Understand place value.

Your child understands that a two-digit number like 34 is made of 3 tens and 4 ones.

Use place value understanding and properties of operations to add and subtract

Use place value understanding and properties of operations to add and subtract.

Your child adds two-digit numbers by thinking in tens and ones — 30+20=50, then add the ones.

Measure lengths indirectly and by iterating length units

Measure lengths indirectly and by iterating length units.

Your child measures things using small objects like paper clips ("the table is 12 paper clips long") and compares lengths.

Tell and write time

Tell and write time.

Your child reads clocks to the hour and half hour — "it's 3 o'clock" or "it's 3:30."

Represent and interpret data

Represent and interpret data.

Your child organizes and reads simple charts — "how many kids chose pizza? How many more chose tacos?"

Reason with shapes and their attributes

Reason with shapes and their attributes.

Your child describes shapes by their features (number of sides, corners), builds composite shapes, and divides circles and rectangles into halves and fourths.

Phonological Awareness

Demonstrate understanding of spoken words, syllables, and sounds (phonemes).

Your child distinguishes long from short vowel sounds, blends sounds to make one-syllable words, and isolates individual sounds in spoken words.

Phonics and Word Recognition

Know and apply grade-level phonics and word analysis skills in decoding words.

Your child decodes words using consonant digraphs (sh, th, ch), reads words with common vowel patterns, and recognizes more sight words.

Fluency

Read with sufficient accuracy and fluency to support comprehension.

Your child reads grade-level text with enough speed and accuracy to understand it, self-corrects when something doesn't sound right, and reads with appropriate expression.

Represent and solve problems involving addition and subtraction

Represent and solve problems involving addition and subtraction.

Your child solves one- and two-step word problems with addition and subtraction within 100.

Add and subtract within 20

Add and subtract within 20.

By the end of second grade, your child should be able to add and subtract within 20 from memory — no fingers needed.

Work with equal groups of objects to gain foundations for multiplication

Work with equal groups of objects to gain foundations for multiplication.

Your child starts seeing groups — "3 rows of 4" or "5 pairs" — which sets the stage for multiplication in third grade.

Understand place value

Understand place value.

Your child works with hundreds, tens, and ones — understanding that 347 is 3 hundreds, 4 tens, and 7 ones. They count within 1000 and skip-count by 5s, 10s, and 100s.

Use place value understanding and properties of operations to add and subtract

Use place value understanding and properties of operations to add and subtract.

Your child adds and subtracts within 1000 using strategies based on place value, and fluently adds and subtracts within 100.

Measure and estimate lengths in standard units

Measure and estimate lengths in standard units.

Your child uses rulers to measure in inches, feet, centimeters, and meters, and estimates how long things are before measuring.

Work with time and money

Work with time and money.

Your child tells time to the nearest five minutes and solves problems using dollar bills, quarters, dimes, nickels, and pennies.

Reason with shapes and their attributes

Reason with shapes and their attributes.

Your child recognizes and draws shapes with specific attributes (like a certain number of equal sides), and partitions rectangles and circles into equal shares.

Phonics and Word Recognition

Know and apply grade-level phonics and word analysis skills in decoding words.

Your child decodes two-syllable words, recognizes common prefixes and suffixes, and reads irregularly spelled words.

Fluency

Read with sufficient accuracy and fluency to support comprehension.

Your child reads second-grade texts fluently and with expression, self-correcting as needed.

Key Ideas and Details

Ask and answer such questions as who, what, where, when, why, and how to demonstrate understanding of key details in a text.

Your child answers who/what/where/when/why/how questions about stories they read — now independently, not just with prompting.

Conventions of Standard English

Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English grammar and usage when writing or speaking.

Your child uses collective nouns (group, family), irregular plural nouns (children, mice), reflexive pronouns (myself, herself), and forms regular past tense verbs.

Conventions of Standard English — Capitalization, Punctuation, and Spelling

Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English capitalization, punctuation, and spelling when writing.

Your child capitalizes holidays, product names, and geographic names, uses commas in greetings and closings of letters, uses apostrophes for contractions, and spells using learned patterns.

Represent and solve problems involving multiplication and division

Represent and solve problems involving multiplication and division.

Your child uses multiplication and division to solve word problems — like figuring out how many rows of chairs are needed for 24 people if each row seats 6.

Understand properties of multiplication and the relationship between multiplication and division

Understand properties of multiplication and the relationship between multiplication and division.

Your child sees that 3×4 equals 4×3, and that if 5×6=30, then 30÷6=5. These connections make both operations easier.

Multiply and divide within 100

Multiply and divide within 100.

The big third-grade goal: your child knows all multiplication facts through 10×10 from memory. This is the year the times tables get locked in.

Solve problems involving the four operations, and identify and explain patterns in arithmetic

Solve problems involving the four operations, and identify and explain patterns in arithmetic.

Your child solves two-step word problems using all four operations and starts noticing patterns (like "all multiples of 4 are even").

Use place value understanding and properties of operations to perform multi-digit arithmetic

Use place value understanding and properties of operations to perform multi-digit arithmetic.

Your child fluently adds and subtracts within 1000 and rounds whole numbers to the nearest 10 or 100.

Develop understanding of fractions as numbers

Develop understanding of fractions as numbers.

Fractions start here. Your child understands that 1/4 means "one part when something is divided into 4 equal parts," and can place fractions on a number line.

Solve problems involving measurement and estimation of intervals of time, liquid volumes, and masses of objects

Solve problems involving measurement and estimation of intervals of time, liquid volumes, and masses of objects.

Your child tells time to the minute, solves elapsed time problems ("if we leave at 2:15 and drive for 45 minutes..."), and measures liquid volume and mass.

Geometric measurement: understand concepts of area and relate area to multiplication and to addition

Geometric measurement: understand concepts of area and relate area to multiplication and to addition.

Your child figures out the area of rectangles by counting square units or multiplying side lengths — connecting multiplication to a visual concept.

Reason with shapes and their attributes

Reason with shapes and their attributes.

Your child categorizes shapes by their properties (quadrilaterals, rhombuses, etc.) and understands that shapes can belong to multiple categories.

Phonics and Word Recognition

Know and apply grade-level phonics and word analysis skills in decoding words.

Your child decodes multisyllable words, reads words with common Latin suffixes (-able, -ment, -tion), and reads grade-appropriate irregularly spelled words.

Key Ideas and Details

Ask and answer questions to demonstrate understanding of a text, referring explicitly to the text as the basis for the answers.

Your child finds answers in the text itself — pointing to specific sentences or paragraphs as evidence, not just guessing.

Text Types and Purposes — Opinion

Write opinion pieces on topics or texts, supporting a point of view with reasons.

Your child writes opinion pieces that state a clear position and support it with reasons — "Dogs are better pets than cats because..." with organized paragraphs.

Text Types and Purposes — Informative/Explanatory

Write informative/explanatory texts to examine a topic and convey ideas and information clearly.

Your child writes to explain a topic with facts, definitions, and details, organized with a clear beginning and ending.

Text Types and Purposes — Narrative

Write narratives to develop real or imagined experiences or events using effective technique, descriptive details, and clear event sequences.

Your child writes stories with a beginning, middle, and end, using dialogue, descriptions, and a sense of closure.

Conventions of Standard English

Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English grammar and usage when writing or speaking.

Your child explains the function of nouns, pronouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs, forms regular and irregular verbs, uses abstract nouns (childhood, courage), and writes simple, compound, and complex sentences.

Use the four operations with whole numbers to solve problems

Use the four operations with whole numbers to solve problems.

Your child solves multi-step word problems, interprets remainders in division, and understands multiplicative comparison ("4 times as many").

Gain familiarity with factors and multiples

Gain familiarity with factors and multiples.

Your child finds all factor pairs for numbers up to 100 and determines whether a number is prime or composite.

Generate and analyze patterns

Generate and analyze patterns.

Your child generates number or shape patterns following a rule and explains features of the pattern.

Generalize place value understanding for multi-digit whole numbers

Generalize place value understanding for multi-digit whole numbers.

Your child reads, writes, and compares multi-digit numbers up to 1,000,000 and rounds them to any place.

Use place value understanding and properties of operations to perform multi-digit arithmetic

Use place value understanding and properties of operations to perform multi-digit arithmetic.

Your child fluently adds and subtracts multi-digit numbers and multiplies up to 4-digit by 1-digit numbers. Division with remainders appears here too.

Extend understanding of fraction equivalence and ordering

Extend understanding of fraction equivalence and ordering.

Your child finds equivalent fractions (2/4 = 1/2), compares fractions with different denominators, and understands why fractions are equivalent using visual models.

Build fractions from unit fractions

Build fractions from unit fractions by applying and extending previous understandings of operations on whole numbers.

Your child adds and subtracts fractions with the same denominator, multiplies a fraction by a whole number, and works with mixed numbers.

Understand decimal notation for fractions, and compare decimal fractions

Understand decimal notation for fractions, and compare decimal fractions.

Your child connects fractions to decimals — understanding that 3/10 = 0.3 — and compares decimals to the hundredths place.

Solve problems involving measurement and conversion of measurements

Solve problems involving measurement and conversion of measurements from a larger unit to a smaller unit.

Your child converts between units (feet to inches, hours to minutes) and solves word problems involving distances, time intervals, and liquid volumes.

Geometric measurement: understand concepts of angle and measure angles

Geometric measurement: understand concepts of angle and measure angles.

Your child learns what angles are, uses a protractor to measure them in degrees, and solves problems involving unknown angles.

Draw and identify lines and angles, and classify shapes by properties of their lines and angles

Draw and identify lines and angles, and classify shapes by properties of their lines and angles.

Your child draws and identifies points, lines, line segments, rays, and angles (right, acute, obtuse), and recognizes parallel and perpendicular lines.

Phonics and Word Recognition

Know and apply grade-level phonics and word analysis skills in decoding words.

Your child uses letter-sound knowledge and word parts to read unfamiliar multisyllable words in and out of context.

Key Ideas and Details

Refer to details and examples in a text when explaining what the text says explicitly and when drawing inferences from the text.

Your child uses details from the story to support their answers and starts making inferences — reading between the lines.

Vocabulary Acquisition and Use

Determine or clarify the meaning of unknown and multiple-meaning words and phrases based on grade 4 reading and content.

Your child uses context clues, common prefixes and suffixes (un-, re-, -ful, -less), and reference materials to figure out unfamiliar words.

Write and interpret numerical expressions

Write and interpret numerical expressions.

Your child uses parentheses and brackets in expressions and evaluates them — the start of order of operations (PEMDAS).

Analyze patterns and relationships

Analyze patterns and relationships.

Your child generates two numerical patterns using given rules and identifies the relationship between them — early function thinking.

Understand the place value system

Understand the place value system.

Your child extends place value to decimals (tenths, hundredths, thousandths), understands powers of 10, and uses exponents for 10²=100.

Perform operations with multi-digit whole numbers and with decimals to hundredths

Perform operations with multi-digit whole numbers and with decimals to hundredths.

Your child fluently multiplies multi-digit numbers, divides with up to 4-digit dividends and 2-digit divisors, and adds/subtracts/multiplies/divides decimals.

Use equivalent fractions as a strategy to add and subtract fractions

Use equivalent fractions as a strategy to add and subtract fractions.

Your child adds and subtracts fractions with different denominators by finding common denominators — like adding 1/3 + 1/4.

Apply and extend previous understandings of multiplication and division to multiply and divide fractions

Apply and extend previous understandings of multiplication and division to multiply and divide fractions.

Your child multiplies and divides fractions and mixed numbers and understands what it means to take "1/2 of 3/4" or divide a whole number by a fraction.

Convert like measurement units within a given measurement system

Convert like measurement units within a given measurement system.

Your child converts between units within the same system (centimeters to meters, ounces to pounds) and solves multi-step problems with conversions.

Geometric measurement: understand concepts of volume

Geometric measurement: understand concepts of volume and relate volume to multiplication and to addition.

Your child finds the volume of rectangular prisms by counting unit cubes or multiplying length × width × height.

Graph points on the coordinate plane to solve real-world and mathematical problems

Graph points on the coordinate plane to solve real-world and mathematical problems.

Your child uses coordinate grids for the first time — plotting points using (x, y) pairs and interpreting the values in context.

Classify two-dimensional figures into categories based on their properties

Classify two-dimensional figures into categories based on their properties.

Your child understands that shapes can belong to multiple categories — a square is also a rectangle, which is also a parallelogram.

Phonics and Word Recognition

Know and apply grade-level phonics and word analysis skills in decoding words.

Your child uses combined knowledge of letter patterns, syllable types, morphology (word parts), and context to read accurately.

Key Ideas and Details

Quote accurately from a text and draw inferences from the text.

Your child pulls exact quotes from the text to support their analysis and makes logical inferences based on textual evidence.

Understand ratio concepts and use ratio reasoning to solve problems

Understand ratio concepts and use ratio reasoning to solve problems.

Your child understands ratios ("for every 2 red candies there are 3 blue ones"), unit rates ("$3 per pound"), and uses tables and diagrams to solve ratio problems.

Apply and extend previous understandings of multiplication and division to divide fractions by fractions

Apply and extend previous understandings of multiplication and division to divide fractions by fractions.

Your child divides fractions by fractions and solves word problems involving fraction division — like "how many 1/3-cup servings are in 2 cups?"

Compute fluently with multi-digit numbers and find common factors and multiples

Compute fluently with multi-digit numbers and find common factors and multiples.

Your child fluently divides multi-digit numbers, adds/subtracts/multiplies/divides decimals, and finds greatest common factor and least common multiple.

Apply and extend previous understandings of numbers to the system of rational numbers

Apply and extend previous understandings of numbers to the system of rational numbers.

Negative numbers arrive. Your child places positive and negative numbers on a number line, understands absolute value, and graphs points in all four quadrants.

Apply and extend previous understandings of arithmetic to algebraic expressions

Apply and extend previous understandings of arithmetic to algebraic expressions.

Your child writes and evaluates expressions with variables and exponents — like finding the value of 3x + 2 when x = 5.

Reason about and solve one-variable equations and inequalities

Reason about and solve one-variable equations and inequalities.

Your child solves equations like x + 3 = 10 and inequalities like x > 5, and represents solutions on a number line.

Represent and analyze quantitative relationships between dependent and independent variables

Represent and analyze quantitative relationships between dependent and independent variables.

Your child writes equations to describe relationships (like d = 65t for distance and time) and analyzes them using tables and graphs.

Solve real-world and mathematical problems involving area, surface area, and volume

Solve real-world and mathematical problems involving area, surface area, and volume.

Your child finds areas of triangles, quadrilaterals, and polygons, and calculates surface area and volume of 3D figures using nets.

Develop understanding of statistical variability

Develop understanding of statistical variability.

Your child learns that statistical questions expect varied answers ("how tall are students in my class?" vs "how tall am I?") and describes data using center and spread.

Summarize and describe distributions

Summarize and describe distributions.

Your child displays data in dot plots, histograms, and box plots, and summarizes it using mean, median, mode, and range.

Key Ideas and Details

Cite textual evidence to support analysis of what the text says explicitly as well as inferences drawn from the text.

Your child cites specific evidence from literature to support their analysis — a more formal version of the skills they've been building since third grade.

Text Types and Purposes — Argument

Write arguments to support claims with clear reasons and relevant evidence.

Your child writes arguments with a clear claim, organized reasons, and evidence from credible sources. Counterarguments are acknowledged.

Text Types and Purposes — Informative/Explanatory

Write informative/explanatory texts to examine a topic and convey ideas, concepts, and information through the selection, organization, and analysis of relevant content.

Your child writes well-organized informational pieces using headings, graphics, and multimedia when useful, with a formal style.

Vocabulary Acquisition and Use

Determine or clarify the meaning of unknown and multiple-meaning words and phrases based on grade 6 reading and content.

Your child uses context, Greek and Latin affixes and roots, and reference materials to determine word meanings. They verify preliminary definitions.

Analyze proportional relationships and use them to solve real-world and mathematical problems

Analyze proportional relationships and use them to solve real-world and mathematical problems.

Your child works with proportions, calculates unit rates with fractions, and tackles percentage problems — tax, tips, discounts, simple interest.

Apply and extend previous understandings of operations with fractions to add, subtract, multiply, and divide rational numbers

Apply and extend previous understandings of operations with fractions to add, subtract, multiply, and divide rational numbers.

Your child does all four operations with negative numbers, fractions, and decimals. They understand why a negative times a negative is positive.

Use properties of operations to generate equivalent expressions

Use properties of operations to generate equivalent expressions.

Your child simplifies and factors algebraic expressions — like rewriting 2(x + 3) as 2x + 6, or recognizing that 14x + 7 = 7(2x + 1).

Solve real-life and mathematical problems using numerical and algebraic expressions and equations

Solve real-life and mathematical problems using numerical and algebraic expressions and equations.

Your child solves multi-step equations and inequalities with rational numbers and uses them to model real situations.

Draw, construct, and describe geometrical figures and describe the relationships between them

Draw, construct, and describe geometrical figures and describe the relationships between them.

Your child draws geometric shapes with given conditions (e.g., a triangle with specific angles), works with scale drawings, and solves cross-section problems.

Solve real-life and mathematical problems involving angle measure, area, surface area, and volume

Solve real-life and mathematical problems involving angle measure, area, surface area, and volume.

Your child finds area and circumference of circles, uses angle relationships (supplementary, complementary, vertical), and calculates volume and surface area of prisms and pyramids.

Use random sampling to draw inferences about a population

Use random sampling to draw inferences about a population.

Your child understands that a random sample represents a larger group and uses sample data to make predictions about a population.

Investigate chance processes and develop, use, and evaluate probability models

Investigate chance processes and develop, use, and evaluate probability models.

Your child calculates probability of simple and compound events, uses probability models, and understands the difference between theoretical and experimental probability.

Key Ideas and Details

Cite several pieces of textual evidence to support analysis of what the text says explicitly as well as inferences drawn from the text.

Your child uses multiple pieces of evidence from the text — not just one quote — to build an argument about what the text means.

Know that there are numbers that are not rational, and approximate them by rational numbers

Know that there are numbers that are not rational, and approximate them by rational numbers.

Your child learns about irrational numbers (like √2 and π), understands why they can't be written as fractions, and approximates them on a number line.

Work with radicals and integer exponents

Work with radicals and integer exponents.

Your child uses exponent rules (like x² × x³ = x⁵), works with square and cube roots, and writes very large or small numbers in scientific notation.

Understand the connections between proportional relationships, lines, and linear equations

Understand the connections between proportional relationships, lines, and linear equations.

Your child connects unit rate to slope, graphs proportional relationships, and uses the equation y = mx + b to describe lines.

Analyze and solve linear equations and pairs of simultaneous linear equations

Analyze and solve linear equations and pairs of simultaneous linear equations.

Your child solves equations with variables on both sides, and solves systems of two equations (finding where two lines cross) — a big step toward algebra.

Define, evaluate, and compare functions

Define, evaluate, and compare functions.

Your child understands that a function assigns exactly one output to each input, compares functions given as equations, tables, or graphs, and identifies whether a function is linear.

Use functions to model relationships between quantities

Use functions to model relationships between quantities.

Your child writes function rules from real-world situations, describes functions qualitatively from graphs (increasing, decreasing, linear, nonlinear), and sketches graphs from verbal descriptions.

Understand congruence and similarity using physical models, transparencies, or geometry software

Understand congruence and similarity using physical models, transparencies, or geometry software.

Your child works with transformations (rotations, reflections, translations, dilations) and uses them to understand congruence and similarity. Angle relationships in parallel lines appear here.

Understand and apply the Pythagorean Theorem

Understand and apply the Pythagorean Theorem.

Your child uses a² + b² = c² to find missing side lengths in right triangles and calculate distances between points on a coordinate plane.

Solve real-world and mathematical problems involving volume of cylinders, cones, and spheres

Solve real-world and mathematical problems involving volume of cylinders, cones, and spheres.

Your child finds the volume of cylinders, cones, and spheres using formulas — like calculating how much water a cylindrical tank holds.

Investigate patterns of association in bivariate data

Investigate patterns of association in bivariate data.

Your child creates scatter plots, identifies clustering and outliers, draws trend lines, and uses them to make predictions. They also work with two-way frequency tables.

Key Ideas and Details

Cite the textual evidence that most strongly supports an analysis of what the text says explicitly as well as inferences drawn from the text.

Your child selects the strongest evidence from a text to support their analysis — learning to evaluate which details matter most.

Text Types and Purposes — Argument

Write arguments to support claims with clear reasons and relevant evidence.

Your child writes sophisticated arguments that anticipate counterarguments, use varied evidence, and maintain a formal tone throughout.

Vocabulary Acquisition and Use

Determine or clarify the meaning of unknown and multiple-meaning words or phrases based on grade 8 reading and content.

Your child uses context, Greek and Latin roots, and reference materials to decode unfamiliar vocabulary, and verifies meanings through multiple strategies.

Use common, grade-appropriate Greek or Latin affixes and roots as clues to the meaning of a word (e.g., precede, recede, secede).

Your child uses Greek and Latin word parts to figure out new words — recognizing that "precede," "recede," and "secede" all share the Latin root "cedere" (to go).